Human Anatomy & Physiology

There is a shortage in Ethiopia of teaching / learning material in the area of anatomy and physiological for all.

Anatomy and physiology are two of the most basic terms and areas of study in the life sciences. Anatomy refers to the internal and external structures of the body and their physical relationships, whereas physiology refers to the study of the functions of those structures.

This application defines anatomy and physiology and explains why they are important to biomedical engineering. Human bodies are divided into two main regions, axial and appendicular. The axial part consists of the head, neck, thorax, abdomen, and pelvis whereas the appendicular part consists of the upper and lower extremities. The upper extremities include the shoulders, upper arms, forearms, wrists, and hands whereas the lower extremities include the hips, thighs, lower legs, ankles, and feet. The abdominal region can be further divided into nine regions or four quadrants. Furthermore, cell theory, the major types of organic compounds and other elements found in cells, and how the plasma membrane maintains the volume and internal concentrations of a cell has been discussed.

Anatomy describes the structure and location of the different components of an organism to provide a framework for understanding. Human anatomy studies the way that every part of a human, from molecules to bones, interacts to form a functional whole.

There are two major types of anatomy. Gross (macroscopic) anatomy is the study of anatomical structures that can be seen by the naked eye, such as the external and internal bodily organs. Microscopic anatomy is the study of tiny anatomical structures such as tissues and cells.

Physiology is the study of how the components of the body function, and biochemistry is the study of the chemistry of living structures. Together with anatomy, these are the three primary disciplines within the field of human biology. Anatomy provides information about structure, location, and organization of different parts of the body that is needed to truly understand physiology. Together, anatomy and physiology explain the structure and function of the different components of the human body to describe what it is and how it works.

Human physiology is the study of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical processes that support the body’s function. Physiology is the science of the normal function of living systems. Physiology studies the processes and mechanisms that allow an organism to survive, grow, and develop. Physiological processes are the ways in which organ systems, organs, tissues, cells, and bio molecules work together to accomplish the complex goal of sustaining life.

Physiological mechanisms are the smaller physical and chemical events that make up a larger physiological process. Human physiology studies the functions of humans, their organs and cells, and how all of these functions combine to make life, growth, and development possible.