About Cardiovascular System
This app contains following
Introduction CS
Heart, actions of the heart, blood vessels, divisions of circulation
Properties of Cardiac Muscle
Excitability, rhythmicity, conductivity, contractility.
Cardiac Cycle
Events of cardiac cycle, description of atrial events, description of ventricular events, intra-atrial pressure changes, intraventricular pressure, aortic pressure changes, ventricular volume changes.
Heart Sounds
Description of heart sounds, triple and quadruple, methods of study.
Cardiac Murmur
classification of murmur
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Uses of ECG, electrocardiographic grid, ECG leads, waves of normal ECG, intervals and segments of ECG.
Vector
Instantaneous mean vector, degree of instantaneous, calculated vector, vectoral analysis, vector cardiogram.
Arrhythmia
Normotonic arrhythmia, ectopic arrhythmia ectopic arrhythmia, artificial pacemaker, current of injury.
Effect of Changes in Electrolyte Concentration on Heart
Sodium ion concentration, potassium ion concentration, calcium ion concentration, experimental evidences.
Cardiac Output
Ejection fraction, cardiac reserve, variations in cardiac output, distribution of cardiac output, factors maintaining cardiac output, measurement of cardiac output, cardiac catheterization.
Heart Rate
Heart rate, regulation of heart rate, vasomotor center, motor (efferent) nerve, sensory (afferent) nerve, factors affecting vasomotor.
Cardiac Function Curves
cardiac output curves, analysis of cardiac.
Heart-lung Preparation
Uses of heart-lung preparation.
Arterial Blood Pressure
Determinants of arterial blood pressure –regulation of arterial, nervous mechanism for regulation of blood pressure, renal mechanism for regulation of blood pressure, hormonal mechanism for regulation of blood pressure, local mechanism for regulation of blood pressure, measurement of arterial blood pressure.
Hemodynamics
Mean volume of blood flow, hagen-poiseuille equation, windkessel effect, Circulation time.
Arterial Pulse
Capillary oncotic pressure.
Venous Pressure
transmission of pulse, methods of recording arterial pulse, interpretation of arterial pulse tracing, pulse points, examination of radial pulse.
Coronary Circulation
Variations of venous pressure, measurement of venous pressure, factors regulating venous pressure.
Cerebral Circulation
Distribution of coronary blood vessels, coronary blood flow and its measurement, factors regulating coronary blood flow, applied physiology – coronary artery disease.
Splanchnic Circulation
Cerebral vessels and normal cerebral blood flow, measurement of cerebral, regulation of cerebral blood flow, applied physiology – stroke.
Capillary Circulation
mesenteric circulation, splenic circulation, hepatic circulation.
Circulation through Skeletal Muscle
Structure of capillaries, pattern of capillary system, peculiarities of capillary, functions of capillaries, factors controlling.
Cutaneous Circulation
Factors regulating blood flow to skeletal muscle.
Fetal Circulation and Respiration
Architecture of cutaneous blood vessels, functions of cutaneous circulation, normal blood flow to skin, regulation of cutaneous blood flow.
Hemorrhage
Blood vessels in fetus, fetal lungs, changes in circulation.
Circulatory Shock and Heart Failure
Types and causes of hemorrhage, compensatory effects of hemorrhage.
Cardiovascular Adjustments during Exercise
Manifestations of circulatory shock, stages of circulatory shock, types and causes of circulatory shock, treatment for circulatory shock, heart failure.
Venous Pulse
Aerobic and anaerobic exercises, severity of exercise, effects of exercise, significance, examination of venous pulse, methods to record venous pulse, recording of venous pulse – jugular venous pulse tracing.
