University Physics Volume 2

University Physics is a three-volume collection that meets the scope and sequence requirements for two- and three-semester calculus-based physics courses.
Volume 1 covers mechanics, sound, oscillations, and waves.
Volume 2 covers thermodynamics, electricity and magnetism, and
Volume 3 covers optics and modern physics.
This textbook emphasizes connections between theory and application, making physics concepts interesting and accessible to students while maintaining the mathematical rigor inherent in the subject.
Frequent, strong examples focus on how to approach a problem, how to work with the equations, and how to check and generalize the result.

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* Multiple Choices Questions (MCQ)
* Essay Questions Flash Cards
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Unit 1. Thermodynamics
1. Temperature and Heat

1.1. Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium
1.2. Thermometers and Temperature Scales
1.3. Thermal Expansion
1.4. Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
1.5. Phase Changes
1.6. Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
2. The Kinetic Theory of Gases

2.1. Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
2.2. Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed
2.3. Heat Capacity and Equipartition of Energy
2.4. Distribution of Molecular Speeds
3. The First Law of Thermodynamics

3.1. Thermodynamic Systems
3.2. Work, Heat, and Internal Energy
3.3. First Law of Thermodynamics
3.4. Thermodynamic Processes
3.5. Heat Capacities of an Ideal Gas
3.6. Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas
4. The Second Law of Thermodynamics

4.1. Reversible and Irreversible Processes
4.2. Heat Engines
4.3. Refrigerators and Heat Pumps
4.4. Statements of the Second Law of Thermodynamics
4.5. The Carnot Cycle
4.6. Entropy
4.7. Entropy on a Microscopic Scale
Unit 2. Electricity and Magnetism
5. Electric Charges and Fields

5.1. Electric Charge
5.2. Conductors, Insulators, and Charging by Induction
5.3. Coulomb's Law
5.4. Electric Field
5.5. Calculating Electric Fields of Charge Distributions
5.6. Electric Field Lines
5.7. Electric Dipoles
6. Gauss's Law

6.1. Electric Flux
6.2. Explaining Gauss’s Law
6.3. Applying Gauss’s Law
6.4. Conductors in Electrostatic Equilibrium
7. Electric Potential

7.1. Electric Potential Energy
7.2. Electric Potential and Potential Difference
7.3. Calculations of Electric Potential
7.4. Determining Field from Potential
7.5. Equipotential Surfaces and Conductors
7.6. Applications of Electrostatics
8. Capacitance

8.1. Capacitors and Capacitance
8.2. Capacitors in Series and in Parallel
8.3. Energy Stored in a Capacitor
8.4. Capacitor with a Dielectric
8.5. Molecular Model of a Dielectric
9. Current and Resistance

9.1. Electrical Current
9.2. Model of Conduction in Metals
9.3. Resistivity and Resistance
9.4. Ohm's Law
9.5. Electrical Energy and Power
9.6. Superconductors
10. Direct-Current Circuits
10.1. Electromotive Force
10.2. Resistors in Series and Parallel
10.3. Kirchhoff's Rules
10.4. Electrical Measuring Instruments
10.5. RC Circuits
10.6. Household Wiring and Electrical Safety
11. Magnetic Forces and Fields

11.1. Magnetism and Its Historical Discoveries
11.2. Magnetic Fields and Lines
11.3. Motion of a Charged Particle in a Magnetic Field
11.4. Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor
11.5. Force and Torque on a Current Loop
11.6. The Hall Effect
11.7. Applications of Magnetic Forces and Fields
12. Sources of Magnetic Fields
13. Electromagnetic Induction
14. Inductance
15. Alternating-Current Circuits
16. Electromagnetic Waves