Rocks & Minerals Books - Differences and basic explanations between minerals, rocks and ores in the field of extraction metallurgy. Minerals are naturally occurring non-organic solids which have a specific chemical composition and a characteristic crystal structure. While rock is rock (in the form of solids) formed from 2 or more minerals. And ore (ore) is sand, soil or rock that contains enough useful minerals to be processed into economic goods such as iron-steel, copper, gold, and others.